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book: Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization | Robert Wade
 
 


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 Governing the Mark...  

Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization
Robert Wade

Princeton University Press, 2003 - 492 pages

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Published originally in 1990 to critical acclaim, Robert Wade's Governing the Market quickly established itself as a standard in contemporary political economy. In it, Wade challenged claims both of those who saw the East Asian story as a vindication of free market principles and of those who attributed the success of Taiwan and other countries to government intervention. Instead, Wade turned attention to the way allocation decisions were divided between markets and public administration and the synergy between them. Now, in a new introduction to this paperback edition, Wade reviews the debate about industrial policy in East and Southeast Asia and chronicles the changing fortunes of these economies over the 1990s. He extends the original argument to explain the boom of the first half of the decade and the crash of the second, stressing the links between corporations, banks, governments, international capital markets, and the International Monetary Fund. From this, Wade goes on to outline a new agenda for national and international development policy.




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Classic on the taiwanese developmental state

"Governing the Market" is almost certainly the seminal work on Taiwan's economic development. The work gives a detailed account of the ways in which state intervention actively promoted economic growth, contrary to the protestations of the IMF-led "Washington Consensus". Rather than focusing on polemical argument, as is so often the case in political economy, Wade's study is extremely detailed and persuasive, explaining both the economics, but also the politics of corruption (and how even corruption can be harnessed into economic productivity).

Personally, I think Wade may have underestimated the importance of widespread education, effective infrastructure, and significant quantities of US aid compared with other parts of the developing world as "lubricants" to jump-starting the economy. Nevertheless, his argument that the state-imposed redistribution of agricultural land went a long ways to generating the necessary surplus for development is solid. Wade also recognizes that this surplus was then harnessed by a government savings-and-loan structure that facilitated capital investment in domestic heavy industry (the "commanding heights" of the economy) - often a difficult task to accomplish. As Wade convincingly contends, there was a significant amount of East Asian-style Fabian socialism involved in Taiwan's development - and the Taiwanese were remarkably successful because of it - despite some of the roadbumps encountered by others who tried to replicate the model (the quasi-successful states of SE Asia: Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia).

The first 150 pages of this volume and the conclusion, at minimum, are a must-read for any serious student of developmental economics or political economy. This edition is especially useful because the introduction convincingly addresses claims that rent-seeking led to the 1997-8 crisis with substantial evidence (supported by even conservative economists like Jagdish Bhagwati at Columbia) that excessive portfolio liberalization in the real estate sector was the leading cause of the 1997-8 crash - and even accounting for this, Taiwan and South Korea each recovered remarkably well in a short period of time, and have now joined the ranks of the first world.


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